Scoliosis, a sideways curvature of the spine known since ancient times, became better understood in the 19th century. During this time, orthopedic surgeons began studying the anatomy and effects of scoliosis on the spine. Advances in diagnostics and therapy led to the development of corset treatments, which were further improved in the 20th century. Modern approaches to treating scoliosis include a wide range of therapies, from physical therapy and specially fitted corsets to surgical intervention in severe cases.